Recent Publications

– Is Guided Discretion Sufficient? Overview of State Sentencing Guidelines, 44 St. Louis University Law Journal 425-46 (2000) (abbreviated version of article published in 12 Federal Sentencing Reporter 69-82 (1999))

– Intermediate Sanctions in Sentencing Guidelines, 23 Crime and Justice 199-253 (1998), reprinted in Criminal Justice: Concepts and Issues (Chris W. Eskridge, ed., Roxbury, 3rd ed., 1999; 4th ed., 2004)

– A Comparative Perspective on Minority Groups, Crime, and Criminal Justice, 6 European Journal of Crime, Criminal Law, and Criminal Justice 60-73 (1998)

– Sentencing Guidelines "Alive and Well" in the States, 5 Overcrowded Times 1, 11-14, reprinted in Sentencing Reform in Overcrowded Times: A Comparative Perspective 12-17 (Michael Tonry & Kathleen Hatlestad, eds., Oxford University Press, 1997)

– What Explains Persistent Racial Disproportionality in Minnesota's Prison and Jail Populations?, 38 Crime and Justice 201 (2009)

– Strategic Approaches to Crime Prevention, 19 Crime and Justice 1-20 (1995)

– Controlling Prison Population Size, 4(3) European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research 26-45 (1996)

– Interchangeability, Desert Limits, and Equivalence of Function, in Principled Sentencing: Readings in Theory and Practice (Andrew von Hirsch & Andrew Ashworth, Hart Publishing, 2d ed., 1998)

– Intermediate Sanctions, in The Handbook of Crime & Punishment (Michael Tonry, ed., Oxford University Press, 1998)

– Why Are U.S. Incarceration Rates So High?, 45 Crime & Delinquency 419-37 (1999), reprinted in 10(3) Overcrowded Times: Solving the Prison Problem 1, 8-16 (1999), in 25(1) The Angolite: The Prison Magazine 26-33 (2000), in Penal Reform in Overcrowded Times (Michael Tonry, ed., Oxford University Press, 2001), in Order Under Law: Readings in Criminal Justice (Robert C. Culbertson & Ralph A. Weisheit, eds., Waveland, 6th ed., 2002), and in Crime and Criminal Justice (William T. Lyons, Jr., ed., Ashgate, 2006)

– Second Look Provisions in the Proposed Model Penal Code Revisions, 21 Federal Sentencing Reporter 194-202 (2009)

– Racial Politics, Racial Disparities, and the War on Crime, 40 Crime & Delinquency 475-94 (1994), reprinted in New Perspectives in Criminology (John E. Conklin, ed., Allyn & Bacon, 1995), in Race, Crime, and Justice (Barbara Hudson, ed., Dartmouth, 1996), in Examining the Justice Process: A Reader (James A. Inciardi, ed., Harcourt Brace College Publishers, 1996), in Politics, Crime Control, and Culture (Stuart A. Scheingold, ed., Dartmouth, 1997), in The Criminal Justice System: Politics and Policies (George F. Cole & Marc G. Gertz, eds., West/Wadsworth, 7th ed., 1998), in Race and Ethnic Relations in the United States: Readings for the 21st Century (Christopher G. Ellison & W. Allen Martin, eds., Roxbury 1999), in Crime and Criminals: Contemporary and Classic Readings (Frank R. Scarpitti & Amie L. Nielsen, eds., Roxbury, 1999), in Perspectives: Race and Crime (Robert L. Bing III & Alejandro del Carmen, eds., Courselinks, 2000), in Race, Class, Gender and Justice in the United States (Charles E. Reasons, Darlene J. Conley & Julius Debro, eds., Allyn and Bacon, 2002), in Boundaries: Readings in Deviance, Crime, and Justice (Bradley R. E. Wright, Jr. & Ralph B. McNeal, Jr., eds., Prentice Hall, 2002), and in The Criminal Justice System: Politics and Policies (George F. Cole, Marc G. Gertz, & Amy Burger, eds., (West/Wadsworth, 8th ed., 2002; 9th ed., 2004)

– Intermediate Sanctions, 20 Crime and Justice 99-144 (1996)

– Ethnicity, Crime, and Immigration, 21 Crime and Justice 1-30 (1997), reprinted in part in Criminal Law: Cases and Materials (Dan Kahan, Neal Katzal & Tracey Meares, eds., Foundation Press, 2007); reprinted in Thinking about Punishment: Penal Policy Across Space, Time and Discipline (Ashgate, 2009)

– Building Better Policies on Better Knowledge, in The Challenge of Crime in a Free Society: Looking Back, Looking Forward: Symposium on the 30th Anniversary of the President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice (U.S. Dept. of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, 1998)

– Transfer of Criminal Justice Policies Across National Boundaries, in Internationale Perspektiven in Kriminologie und Strafrecht: Festschrift für Günther Kaiser zum 70. Geburtstag (Hans-Jörg Albrecht et al., eds., Duncker & Humblot, 1998)

– America's Sentencing Future, in Corrections in the 21st Century (Frank Schmalleger & John Smykla, eds., McGraw-Hill Higher Education, 2009)

– Intermediate Sanctions in Sentencing Reform, 2 University of Chicago Law School Roundtable 391-411 (1995)

– Gewinnabschöpfung in den USA, in Möglichkeiten der Gewinnabschöpfung zur Bekämpfung der Organisierten Kriminalität: Bestandsaufnahme und Perspektiven im internationalen Vergleich (Michael Kilchling & Günther Kaiser, eds., Max-Planck Institute, 1997)

– Building Safer Societies: Crime Prevention in Developed Countries, 5(3) European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research 49-60 (1997)

– Youth Violence in America, 24 Crime and Justice 1-26 (1998)

– Prison Population Growing Under Minnesota Guidelines, 4 Overcrowded Times 1, 10-12 (1993), reprinted in Sentencing Reform in Overcrowded Times: A Comparative Perspective 40-45 (Michael Tonry & Kathleen Hatlestad, eds., Oxford University Press, 1997)

– Community Penalties in the United States, 7(1) European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research 5-22 (1999)

– Norval Morris's Contributions to Sentencing Structures, Theory, and Practice, 21 Federal Sentencing Reporter 254-260 (2009)

– Sentencing Reform Across National Boundaries, in The Politics of Sentencing Reform (Chris Clarkson & Rod Morgan, eds., Oxford University Press, 1995)

– The Effects of the American Drug Policy on Black Americans, 1980-1996, 4(2) European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research 36-62 (1996)

– Forfeiture Laws, Practices and Controversies in the U.S., 5 European Journal of Crime, Criminal Law, and Criminal Justice 294-307 (1997)

– Crime and Punishment in America, in The Handbook of Crime & Punishment (Michael Tonry, ed., Oxford University Press, 1998)

– Rethinking Unthinkable Punishment Policies in America, 46 UCLA Law Review 1751-91 (1999)

– Limiting Excessive Prison Sentences under Federal and State Constitutions, 11 University of Pennsylvania Journal of Constitutional Law 39 (2008), reprinted in part in Why Punish? How Much?: A Reader on Punishment 263 (Michael Tonry, ed., Oxford University Press, 2011)